In hydraulic systems, strict control of oil temperature is one of the key factors to maintain system stability and extend equipment life. When the oil temperature exceeds the maximum allowable range set by the explosion proof valve (80°C or 176°F), it will trigger a series of chain reactions that not only affect the immediate performance of the system, but may also have a profound impact on long-term operation and safety. . As the oil temperature increases, the viscosity of hydraulic oil decreases significantly. This directly leads to a reduction in the thickness of the oil film, thereby reducing the lubrication effect and increasing direct contact and wear between metal parts. At the same time, the reduction in viscosity will also increase the fluidity of the oil, making it easier for the oil to leak from the seal, resulting in a drop in system pressure and reduced efficiency. In high-temperature environments, the antioxidant additives in hydraulic oil will quickly lose effectiveness, and the oil will begin to accelerate oxidation. This creates harmful oxides and acids that further damage the oil and system components. At the same time, oxides may also form deposits and clog precision components in the system, such as filters, valves, etc.
High temperatures can cause thermal expansion of metal components within the system, which may change the relative positions of components of different materials or structures. This change can cause gaps between components to be too large or too small, affecting the system's sealing and functionality. For precision mechanical components, small dimensional changes can cause failure. High temperatures will accelerate the aging process of elastic components such as rubber seals and hoses. Aged rubber will lose elasticity, become hard and brittle, and cannot maintain its original sealing performance. This can lead to problems such as oil leakage and pressure drop, and in serious cases may even lead to safety accidents.
Fluctuations in flow and pressure in hydraulic systems may occur due to a drop in oil viscosity and thermal deformation of components caused by rising oil temperatures. This fluctuation will affect the stability and control accuracy of the system, and reduce the processing quality and production efficiency of the equipment. When the oil temperature continues to rise, the system may enter an overheating state. Not only will this exacerbate all of the above problems, it may also cause the oil to vaporize and form bubbles, causing cavitation and further damaging system components.
At high temperatures, the risk of fire is greatly increased if flammable substances (such as certain types of hydraulic fluid) are present inside the system. In addition, high temperatures may degrade the insulation performance of electrical components (such as sensors, controllers, etc.), increasing the risk of electrical faults and short circuits. System overheating or oil leakage may cause burns, poisoning and other safety accidents. Oil can also cause serious chemical injury if it splashes in the eyes or skin.
Due to oil deterioration and component damage caused by excessive oil temperature, frequent oil replacement and repair and replacement of damaged components are required. This will significantly increase the operating costs of the hydraulic system. Hydraulic equipment may need to be shut down for system repairs or component replacement. This will lead to production interruptions and order delays, further increasing the economic losses of enterprises.
Therefore, when using a hydraulic system, the oil temperature must be strictly controlled within the allowable range, and effective cooling and heat dissipation measures must be taken to prevent the oil temperature from being too high. At the same time, various components within the system should be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure that they are in good working order to cope with various challenges that may arise.
